Moscow, July 27 (SANA)Russian researchers are preparing to begin a clinical trial of an experimental treatment for osteoarthritis that uses exosomes—microscopic particles released by cells—to evaluate whether they can reduce joint inflammation and stimulate cartilage repair.

According toSputnik, the study is being conducted by the Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology in collaboration with the Kulakov National Medical Research Centre. The therapy remains at the experimental stage and has not yet been approved for clinical use.

The researchers said the treatment involves injecting exosomes directly into affected joints. The particles, which carry proteins, lipids and genetic material between cells, are believed to play a role in regulating inflammation and promoting tissue regeneration.

The therapy uses exosomes derived from mesenchymal stromal cells, which can be obtained from sources such as bone marrow. Researchers hope the approach could help repair damaged cartilage rather than simply relieve symptoms.

Osteoarthritisis one of the world’s most common joint diseases, causing the gradual deterioration of cartilage and damage to surrounding joint tissues. The condition typically results in chronic pain, stiffness and reduced mobility.

Scientists said growing evidence suggests persistent inflammation contributes significantly to disease progression alongside mechanical wear of cartilage, prompting efforts to develop treatments that target the underlying biological processes.

Current therapies focus primarily on pain management and improving joint function but are unable to regenerate damaged cartilage, making regenerative medicine an increasingly important area of research.

The researchers said the upcoming clinical trial is intended to evaluate the treatment’s safety and effectiveness in humans. If successful, the therapy could provide a new regenerative approach to treating osteoarthritis, though further studies would be required before it could be introduced into routine clinical practice.